Currently， the strategic competition among major powers is intensifying. Various operational concepts such as joint all domain concept （JADC）， mosaic warfare， and distributed defense， have brought new threats to the existing aerospace defense system. Against the background of strategic competition among major powers， the characteristics of modern aerospace defense systems are analyzed， such as completeness of operation elements， openness of architecture， antagonism of systems， and convergence of capabilities. The challenges of intelligent development in the aerospace defense system are studied， and the key points of intelligent development of aerospace defense systems are given. In addition， a development vision for an intelligent aerospace defense system featuring agile operation， robust antagonism， and efficient management and control is presented， which provides a new idea for the modernization construction of aerospace defense systems.